Getal & Ruimte (12e editie) - vwo wiskunde B
'Sinus- en cosinusregel'.
| vwo wiskunde B | 3.5 De sinusregel en de cosinusregel |
opgave 13p a Gegeven is \(\triangle K\kern{-.8pt}L\kern{-.8pt}M\) met \(K\kern{-.8pt}M = 22 \text{,}\) \(\angle L = 52\degree\) en \(\angle M = 78\degree \text{.}\) SinusregelZijdeInScherp 007p - Sinus- en cosinusregel - basis - 0ms a De sinusregel in \(\triangle K\kern{-.8pt}L\kern{-.8pt}M\) geeft \({K\kern{-.8pt}M \over \sin(\angle L)} = {K\kern{-.8pt}L \over \sin(\angle M)} = {L\kern{-.8pt}M \over \sin(\angle K)} \text{.}\) 1p ○ Dus \(K\kern{-.8pt}L = {K\kern{-.8pt}M ⋅ \sin(\angle M) \over \sin(\angle L)} = {22 ⋅ \sin(78\degree) \over \sin(52\degree)} \text{.}\) 1p ○ \(K\kern{-.8pt}L ≈ 27{,}3 \text{.}\) 1p 3p b Gegeven is \(\triangle A\kern{-.8pt}B\kern{-.8pt}C\) met \(B\kern{-.8pt}C = 12 \text{,}\) \(\angle A = 48\degree\) en \(\angle B = 93\degree \text{.}\) SinusregelZijdeInStomp 007q - Sinus- en cosinusregel - basis - 0ms b De sinusregel in \(\triangle A\kern{-.8pt}B\kern{-.8pt}C\) geeft \({B\kern{-.8pt}C \over \sin(\angle A)} = {A\kern{-.8pt}C \over \sin(\angle B)} = {A\kern{-.8pt}B \over \sin(\angle C)} \text{.}\) 1p ○ Dus \(A\kern{-.8pt}C = {B\kern{-.8pt}C ⋅ \sin(\angle B) \over \sin(\angle A)} = {12 ⋅ \sin(93\degree) \over \sin(48\degree)} \text{.}\) 1p ○ \(A\kern{-.8pt}C ≈ 16{,}1 \text{.}\) 1p 3p c Gegeven is \(\triangle A\kern{-.8pt}B\kern{-.8pt}C\) met \(A\kern{-.8pt}B = 20 \text{,}\) \(B\kern{-.8pt}C = 25\) en \(\angle C = 50\degree \text{.}\) SinusregelHoekInScherp 007r - Sinus- en cosinusregel - basis - 5ms c De sinusregel in \(\triangle A\kern{-.8pt}B\kern{-.8pt}C\) geeft \({A\kern{-.8pt}B \over \sin(\angle C)} = {B\kern{-.8pt}C \over \sin(\angle A)} = {A\kern{-.8pt}C \over \sin(\angle B)} \text{.}\) 1p ○ Daaruit volgt \(\sin(\angle A) = {B\kern{-.8pt}C ⋅ \sin(\angle C) \over A\kern{-.8pt}B} = {25 ⋅ \sin(50\degree) \over 20} = 0{,}957... \text{.}\) 1p ○ Dit geeft \(\angle A ≈ 73{,}2\degree\) of \(\angle A ≈ 106{,}8\degree \text{.}\) 1p 3p d Gegeven is \(\triangle K\kern{-.8pt}L\kern{-.8pt}M\) met \(K\kern{-.8pt}M = 13 \text{,}\) \(K\kern{-.8pt}L = 17\) en \(\angle L = 49\degree \text{.}\) SinusregelHoekInStomp 007s - Sinus- en cosinusregel - basis - 0ms d De sinusregel in \(\triangle K\kern{-.8pt}L\kern{-.8pt}M\) geeft \({K\kern{-.8pt}M \over \sin(\angle L)} = {K\kern{-.8pt}L \over \sin(\angle M)} = {L\kern{-.8pt}M \over \sin(\angle K)} \text{.}\) 1p ○ Daaruit volgt \(\sin(\angle M) = {K\kern{-.8pt}L ⋅ \sin(\angle L) \over K\kern{-.8pt}M} = {17 ⋅ \sin(49\degree) \over 13} = 0{,}986... \text{.}\) 1p ○ Dit geeft \(\angle M ≈ 80{,}7\degree\) of \(\angle M ≈ 99{,}3\degree \text{.}\) 1p opgave 24p a Gegeven is \(\triangle K\kern{-.8pt}L\kern{-.8pt}M\) met \(K\kern{-.8pt}L = 28 \text{,}\) \(\angle L = 58\degree\) en \(\angle K = 36\degree \text{.}\) SinusregelZijdeNaHoekInScherp 007t - Sinus- en cosinusregel - basis - 0ms a Uit \(\angle L + \angle M + \angle K = 180\degree\) volgt \(\angle M = 180\degree - \angle L - \angle K = 180\degree - 58\degree - 36\degree = 86\degree \text{.}\) 1p ○ De sinusregel in \(\triangle K\kern{-.8pt}L\kern{-.8pt}M\) geeft \({K\kern{-.8pt}M \over \sin(\angle L)} = {K\kern{-.8pt}L \over \sin(\angle M)} = {L\kern{-.8pt}M \over \sin(\angle K)} \text{.}\) 1p ○ Dus \(K\kern{-.8pt}M = {K\kern{-.8pt}L ⋅ \sin(\angle L) \over \sin(\angle M)} = {28 ⋅ \sin(58\degree) \over \sin(86\degree)} \text{.}\) 1p ○ \(K\kern{-.8pt}M ≈ 23{,}8 \text{.}\) 1p 4p b Gegeven is \(\triangle K\kern{-.8pt}L\kern{-.8pt}M\) met \(K\kern{-.8pt}L = 30 \text{,}\) \(\angle L = 43\degree\) en \(\angle K = 44\degree \text{.}\) SinusregelZijdeNaHoekInStomp 007u - Sinus- en cosinusregel - basis - 0ms b Uit \(\angle L + \angle M + \angle K = 180\degree\) volgt \(\angle M = 180\degree - \angle L - \angle K = 180\degree - 43\degree - 44\degree = 93\degree \text{.}\) 1p ○ De sinusregel in \(\triangle K\kern{-.8pt}L\kern{-.8pt}M\) geeft \({K\kern{-.8pt}M \over \sin(\angle L)} = {K\kern{-.8pt}L \over \sin(\angle M)} = {L\kern{-.8pt}M \over \sin(\angle K)} \text{.}\) 1p ○ Dus \(K\kern{-.8pt}M = {K\kern{-.8pt}L ⋅ \sin(\angle L) \over \sin(\angle M)} = {30 ⋅ \sin(43\degree) \over \sin(93\degree)} \text{.}\) 1p ○ \(K\kern{-.8pt}M ≈ 20{,}5 \text{.}\) 1p 3p c Gegeven is \(\triangle P\kern{-.8pt}Q\kern{-.8pt}R\) met \(P\kern{-.8pt}Q = 15 \text{,}\) \(Q\kern{-.8pt}R = 15\) en \(\angle Q = 67\degree \text{.}\) CosinusregelZijdeInScherp 007v - Sinus- en cosinusregel - basis - 0ms c De cosinusregel in \(\triangle P\kern{-.8pt}Q\kern{-.8pt}R\) geeft \(P\kern{-.8pt}R^{2} = P\kern{-.8pt}Q^{2} + Q\kern{-.8pt}R^{2} - 2 ⋅ P\kern{-.8pt}Q ⋅ Q\kern{-.8pt}R ⋅ \cos(\angle Q) \text{.}\) 1p ○ Dus \(P\kern{-.8pt}R^{2} = 15^{2} + 15^{2} - 2 ⋅ 15 ⋅ 15 ⋅ \cos(67\degree) = 274{,}170... \text{.}\) 1p ○ \(P\kern{-.8pt}R = \sqrt{274{,}170...} ≈ 16{,}6 \text{.}\) 1p 3p d Gegeven is \(\triangle K\kern{-.8pt}L\kern{-.8pt}M\) met \(L\kern{-.8pt}M = 43 \text{,}\) \(K\kern{-.8pt}M = 23\) en \(\angle M = 94\degree \text{.}\) CosinusregelZijdeInStomp 007w - Sinus- en cosinusregel - basis - 0ms d De cosinusregel in \(\triangle K\kern{-.8pt}L\kern{-.8pt}M\) geeft \(K\kern{-.8pt}L^{2} = L\kern{-.8pt}M^{2} + K\kern{-.8pt}M^{2} - 2 ⋅ L\kern{-.8pt}M ⋅ K\kern{-.8pt}M ⋅ \cos(\angle M) \text{.}\) 1p ○ Dus \(K\kern{-.8pt}L^{2} = 43^{2} + 23^{2} - 2 ⋅ 43 ⋅ 23 ⋅ \cos(94\degree) = 2515{,}978... \text{.}\) 1p ○ \(K\kern{-.8pt}L = \sqrt{2515{,}978...} ≈ 50{,}2 \text{.}\) 1p opgave 34p a Gegeven is \(\triangle A\kern{-.8pt}B\kern{-.8pt}C\) met \(A\kern{-.8pt}C = 12 \text{,}\) \(A\kern{-.8pt}B = 10\) en \(B\kern{-.8pt}C = 13 \text{.}\) CosinusregelHoekInScherp 007x - Sinus- en cosinusregel - basis - 5ms a De cosinusregel in \(\triangle A\kern{-.8pt}B\kern{-.8pt}C\) geeft \(B\kern{-.8pt}C^{2} = A\kern{-.8pt}C^{2} + A\kern{-.8pt}B^{2} - 2 ⋅ A\kern{-.8pt}C ⋅ A\kern{-.8pt}B ⋅ \cos(\angle A) \text{.}\) 1p ○ Invullen geeft \(13^{2} = 12^{2} + 10^{2} - 2 ⋅ 12 ⋅ 10 ⋅ \cos(\angle A)\) 1p ○ Balansmethode geeft \(\cos(\angle A) = {169 - 244 \over -240} = 0{,}312...\) 1p ○ Hieruit volgt \(\angle A = \cos^{-1}(0{,}312...) ≈ 71{,}8\degree \text{.}\) 1p 4p b Gegeven is \(\triangle P\kern{-.8pt}Q\kern{-.8pt}R\) met \(P\kern{-.8pt}R = 28 \text{,}\) \(P\kern{-.8pt}Q = 22\) en \(Q\kern{-.8pt}R = 43 \text{.}\) CosinusregelHoekInStomp 007y - Sinus- en cosinusregel - basis - 0ms b De cosinusregel in \(\triangle P\kern{-.8pt}Q\kern{-.8pt}R\) geeft \(Q\kern{-.8pt}R^{2} = P\kern{-.8pt}R^{2} + P\kern{-.8pt}Q^{2} - 2 ⋅ P\kern{-.8pt}R ⋅ P\kern{-.8pt}Q ⋅ \cos(\angle P) \text{.}\) 1p ○ Invullen geeft \(43^{2} = 28^{2} + 22^{2} - 2 ⋅ 28 ⋅ 22 ⋅ \cos(\angle P)\) 1p ○ Balansmethode geeft \(\cos(\angle P) = {1\,849 - 1\,268 \over -1\,232} = -0{,}471...\) 1p ○ Hieruit volgt \(\angle P = \cos^{-1}(-0{,}471...) ≈ 118{,}1\degree \text{.}\) 1p |